2 Days
I.D.#C0007
Whether the materials being utilized are metals and alloys, ceramics,
polymers, or composites, specifications on mechanical properties
usually must be met. Such properties may include elastic stiffness
(modulus), yield and tensile strengths, hardness, ductility, toughness,
fatigue life, and creep strength. This seminar introduces the origin of
these properties in materials and discusses the testing procedures and
methods used in their determination. The various classes of materials
behave in different ways when subjected to loads that can cause
deformation and/or fracture to occur. The way in which the atoms or
molecules are bonded together and the arrangement of these units
relative to each other are the determining factors in the response to
loading.
Beginning with a brief overview of the more important categories of
mechanical properties, the origin of these properties in crystalline
solids such as metals and some ceramics will be discussed. The
unique mechanical behavior of thermoplastic polymers will be
reviewed and related to the molecular structure of these materials.
The testing of materials will be described with initial emphasis on the
tensile test for metals and polymers. The definitions of engineering
stress and strain as well as true stress and strain will be presented as
part of this discussion. The extraction of strength, ductility and elastic
modulus data from a tensile test will be explained, as will strain (work)
hardening in metals and the effects of temperature of properties. Tests
for hardness, toughness, fatigue, and creep will be covered, as well as
bend testing (flexural strength) of ceramics and other brittle materials.
Polymer properties will be discussed in terms of the category of
polymer involved (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers), with
clarification of the viscoelastic nature of deformation in these systems
and the influence of temperature on behavior.
The seminar will conclude with group work sessions aimed at
calculation of properties from raw test data and assessment of the
significance of the calculations. An understanding of the origin and
testing of mechanical properties in materials will be of benefit to
those who deal with product design and materials specifications. The
seminar will assist in clarifying the interactions among properties and
the structural bases upon which these interactions are founded.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this seminar, participants will be able to:
Associate the various mechanical properties of materials with the
structures that they exhibit
Recognize and define the more important types of mechanical
properties in materials
Associate the test method used with the type of mechanical
property to be measured
Describe the manner in which mechanical properties are determined
from raw test data
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